Bruxism — when to see a neurologist about teeth clenching

Bruxism is habitual clenching or grinding of the teeth — at night or during the day. Besides wearing down the teeth, it can cause pain in the masseter (jaw) muscles, tension around the temples and morning headaches.

About the problem

Bruxism usually has several causes: stress and tension, sleep disorders, certain medicines or stimulants. It often occurs together with headaches and temporomandibular joint problems.

Treatment usually works on several fronts — it includes protecting the teeth (e.g. with an occlusal splint fitted by a dentist), working on habits and tension, and treating pain.

In selected cases, a neurologist may suggest botulinum toxin injections into overly tense masseter muscles to reduce the force of their contraction. The doctor decides on the indications after the consultation.

Most common symptoms

• grinding teeth at night, noticed by family members
• clenching teeth during the day, e.g. while concentrating
• jaw muscle pain or fatigue on waking
• morning headaches around the temples
• worn, sensitive or cracked teeth

When to see a doctor

• when jaw muscle pain or headaches keep coming back
• when symptoms persist despite wearing a splint
• when teeth clenching is accompanied by sleep problems
• when a dentist has noticed signs of tooth wear